Before World War II, Japanese soldiers were model soldiers. When they helped put down the Boxer Rebellion, they behaved better than Western soldiers. In the Sino-Russian War of 1904-1905, they were very compassionate towards prisoners of war as well as Russian citizens.
In the Battle of Manila, they knew they were going to die and, following the Bushido creed, they wanted to take as many as possible from the other side with them. While not a justification, it is an explanation.
But Nanking doesn't fall into that category. They were winning. In one generation, the Japanese army had transformed from honorable to horrific. Many of the changes were similar to what happened in Germany. The Japanese thought they were the superior race. They believed they were destined to rule the East. They believed the Chinese were subhuman.
But within the army itself, they beat and tortured their own, especially new recruits. If you were a soldier and had been beaten and tortured by your own army, they thought it was expected of you to beat, torture, and kill the opposing side.
A self-destructive mentality took hold of the Japanese military forces, altering their ability to think clearly and largely contributing to their defeat.

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