To stop an Egyptian missile program run by former SS officers in 1962, the Mossad realized survival trumped ideology. They recruited the ultimate insider: "Hitler's favorite commando."
Egypt, under President Gamal Abdel Nasser, had begun developing an advanced missile system, quietly hiring veterans of the Nazi V-2 rocket program from Peenemünde. Israel viewed these weapons as an existential threat.
Mossad launched Operation Damocles to sabotage the project. They sent letter bombs and tried to intimidate the scientists, but they were largely flying blind. The ex-Nazis working for Egypt operated within a highly secretive, tight-knit network spanning Europe and the Middle East. To dismantle it, the Israelis needed someone the former SS network would implicitly trust.
Otto Skorzeny was no low-level operative. He had orchestrated the daring 1943 rescue of Italian dictator Benito Mussolini and led specialized SS units. After the war, he relocated to Spain and became a prominent figure in the underground network of ex-Nazis.
In 1962, Mossad operatives approached him. Skorzeny was wealthy, so money was not a motivator. Instead, he wanted something only the Israelis could facilitate: he wanted his name removed from the hit list of legendary Nazi hunter Simon Wiesenthal, and he wanted Mossad’s assurance that they would not assassinate him.
The Israelis agreed. When Wiesenthal outright refused to remove Skorzeny from his list, Mossad operatives simply forged a letter from Wiesenthal to convince Skorzeny that a deal was in place.
The pragmatic gamble paid off. Skorzeny provided Mossad with the names and addresses of the German scientists working in Egypt, as well as the European front companies financing the operation. When Heinz Krug, a key recruiter for the Egyptian missile program, went missing in Munich in 1962, it was later revealed that Skorzeny had personally lured Krug into a trap where he was assassinated by Mossad agents.
This decision caused immense internal friction within Israeli intelligence, but the core ethos of the Mossad was not moral purity or historical revenge—it was the survival of the State of Israel. Meir Amit, who took over as Mossad director in 1963, embraced this cold pragmatism. Avenging the past was a luxury; protecting the future of the nation was an absolute necessity.
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